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Intel's Neuromorphic Loihi Processor Scales to 8M Neurons, 64 Cores

extremetech.com, Jul. 16, 2019 – 

Intel has announced a significant advance for its neuromorphic research processor, codenamed Loihi. The company has now scaled up its Loihi implementation to the 64-processor level, allowing it to create a system with more than 8M neurons (8.3M). This new configuration (codenamed Pohoiki Beach) delivers 1,000x better performance than conventional CPUs in applications like sparse coding, graph search, and constraint-satisfaction problems. Intel claims that the new Pohoiki Beach delivers a 10,000x energy efficiency improvement over conventional CPU architectures in these sorts of tests.

Neuromorphic computing is a subset of computing that attempts to mimic the brain's architecture using modern technological analogues. Instead of implementing a typical CPU clock, for example. Loihi is based on a spiking neural network architecture. The basic Loihi processor contains 128 neuromorphic cores, three Lakefield (Intel Quark) CPU cores, and an off-chip communication network. In theory, Loihi can scale all the way up to 4,096 on-chip cores and 16,384 chips, though Intel has said it has no plans to commercialize a design this large.

"With the Loihi chip we've been able to demonstrate 109 times lower power consumption running a real-time deep learning benchmark compared to a GPU, and 5 times lower power consumption compared to specialized IoT inference hardware," said Chris Eliasmith, co-CEO of Applied Brain Research and professor at University of Waterloo. "Even better, as we scale the network up by 50 times, Loihi maintains real-time performance results and uses only 30 percent more power, whereas the IoT hardware uses 500 percent more power and is no longer real-time."

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