The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a specification for the encryption of electronic data established by the U.S National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001. It is included in the ISO/IEC 18033-3 standard.
AES is a symmetric-key algorithm, meaning the same key is used for both encrypting and decrypting.
The AES XTS is a XEX-based tweaked-codebook mode with ciphertext stealing. This mode of operation is mainly used to encrypt sector-addressable data at rest. Thus it has to be compliant with SATAI, SATAII and/or SATAIII specifications to be used. It uniquely encrypts each sector by encrypting the sector s ID additionally to the data. Therefore, two identical data blocks in different sectors won t share the same encryption.