What Drives Autonomous Vehicles?

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The AV industry continues to evolve across many aspects, including use cases, safety standards, technologies, and many others.

www.eetasia.com, Apr. 06, 2022 – 

The autonomous vehicle (AV) industry continues to evolve across many aspects: technologies, use cases, safety standards, safety legislation, and many others. This column explores what key factors are driving and shaping the AV industry.

The figure below helps contextualize the current AV landscape by summarizing some of the key SAE definitions, hardware and software technologies, legislations, and regulations currently shaping the AV industry.

SAE terminology is key to understanding AVs because it describes the capabilities each vehicle must have to be considered autonomous (either partially or fully).

• Operational design domain (ODD): Defines where AVs can operate and specifies use cases, including many types of passenger and goods transportation. ODDs will have different specifications for each use case and driving segment. ODDs require a standards effort (explained further below).
• Object and event detection and response (OEDR): Monitors and responds to the driving environment via vision and software driver platforms.
• Dynamic driving tasks (DDT): Driving tasks done by a software driver platform. This includes steering, speed control, and braking. It also includes the OEDR functions and the most important function – crash avoidance.
• Automated driving system (ADS): The hardware and software platforms that perform the entire DDT on a sustained basis for a specific ODD. The ADS consists of the AV computer system, including the AV sensor system and the software driver platform.

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